Description
Try to report each quotation. Choose a verb to express doubt, neutrality, or certainty. The first one is completed to give you an example: Your answer is correct if you use any of the verbs listed under the correct heading—doubtful, neutral, certain. Notice that both verbs in reported language are in the past tense.
EXAMPLE
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Quotation:
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Psychologist Carl Rogers said, "Negative feedback causes people to develop a poor self-concept. "
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Certain Report:
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Carl Rogers argued that negative feedback caused people to develop a poor self-concept.
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Also Correct:
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Carl Rogers maintained that negative feedback caused people to develop a poor self-concept.
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1. Sociologist Lee Clark said, "When danger arises, the rule is for people to help those next to them before they help themselves." "Panic: Myth or Reality," Contexts I (Fall 2002), p.21.
Neutral report:
Neutral report: Sociologist Lee Clark observed that when danger arose, the rule was for people to help those next to them before they helped themselves.
2. Biological anthropologist Barry Bogin said, "We can use the average height of any group of people as a barometer of the health of their society." "The Tall and Short of It," Applying Anthropology: An Introductory Reader, Mountain View, California: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2001, p. 54.
Doubtful report:
Doubtful report: Biological Anthropologist Barry Bogin claimed that we could use the average height of any group of people as a barometer of the health of their society.
3. Physician Stanley Joel Reiser said, "Machines direct the attention of both doctor and patient to the measurable aspect of illness, but away from the human factors that are at least equally important." Medicine and the Reign of Technology, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1978, p. 229.
Certain report:
Certain report: Physician Stanley Joel Reiser maintained that machines directed the attention of both doctor and patient to the measurable aspect of illness, but away from the human factors that are at least equally important.
4. Educator Harry Wong said, "There is but one correlation with success, and that is attitude." The First Days of School: How to Be an Effective Teacher, Sunnyvale, California:
Harry K. Wong Publications, 1991, p. 35.
Certain report:
Certain report: Educator Harry Wong concluded that there was but one correlation with success, and that was attitude.
5. Choreographer Martha Graham said, "Technique and training have never been a substitute for that condition of awareness which is talent." Dance as a Theatre Art, Hightstown, New Jersey: Princeton Book Company, 1974, p. 136.
Doubtful report:
Doubtful report: Choreographer Martha Graham suggested that technique and training had never been a substitutes for that condition of awareness which was talent.
6. Psychologist Carl Jung said, "The collective unconscious seems to be something like an unceasing stream or perhaps an ocean of images and figures which drift into consciousness in our dreams." "The Basic Postulates of Analytical Psychology," Modern Man in Search of a Soul, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1933.
Doubtful report:
Doubtful report: Psychologist Carl Jung believed that the collective unconscious seemed to be something like an unceasing stream or perhaps an ocean of images and figures which drifted into consciousness in our dreams.
7. Computer entrepreneur Bill Gates said, "The key for MicrosoftTM has always been hiring very smart people." Transcript of video history interview, National Museum of American History, January 11, 2005.
Neutral report:
Neutral report: Computer entrepreneur Bill Gates indicated that the key for Microsoft™ had always been hiring very smart people.
8. Geneticists James Watson and Francis Crick said, "DNA structure has two helical chains each coiled around the same axis." "A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid," Nature, Volume 171 (April 2), 1953, p. 737.
Doubtful report:
Doubtful report: Geneticists James Watson and Francis Crick proposed that DNA structure had two helical chains each coiled around the same axis.
9. Environmentalist John Sinclair said, "Many politicians are hostile to the environmental movement because they see it in conflict with the economic model they support,' "The Legacy of Voluntary Conservationists." 1998 Romeo Lahey Lecture for the National Parks Association of Queensland, Australia.
Neutral report:
Neutral report: Environmentalist John Sinclair pointed out that many politicians were hostile to the environmental movement because they saw it in conflict with the economic model they supported.
10. Astrophysicist Carl Sagan said, "Even a relatively small nuclear war may be capable of producing a global climatic catastrophe." Speech before the Commonwealth Club, February 8, 1985.
Certain report:
Certain report: Astrophysicist Carl Sagan argued that even a relatively small nuclear war might be capable of producing a global climatic catastrophe.
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